What are the characteristics of polyurethane elastomers
Polyurethane elastomers is a highly customizable polymer material, which is divided into cast type CPU, thermoplastic TPU, and mixed type MPU. Its performance is between rubber and engineering plastics, and its core characteristics are as follows:
Polyurethane elastomers is a highly customizable polymer material, which is divided into cast type CPU, thermoplastic TPU, and mixed type MPU. Its performance is between rubber and engineering plastics, and its core characteristics are as follows:
1. Wide hardness range and strong adjustability
The hardness covers a wide range, from the soft rubber texture of Shore A10 to the hard plastic range of Shore D85. The difference from ordinary rubber: it still maintains good elasticity and elongation under high hardness. By adjusting the formula and the ratio of soft and hard segments, the material's softness and hardness can be flexibly adjusted to meet different working conditions.
2. Good wear resistance
Commonly known as the "Wear King" in the industry, its wear resistance can generally reach 3-5 times that of natural rubber. Under conditions of sand and gravel friction, material erosion, and repeated friction, the service life of rubber is much better than that of ordinary rubber, and it is commonly used for easily worn parts such as rubber rollers, lining plates, and wear-resistant pads.
3. High mechanical strength and good bearing capacity
Under the same hardness conditions, the tensile strength and tear resistance are superior to general rubber; High hardness grades also have good impact resistance. When subjected to heavy pressure and impact loads, it is not easy to deform and has strong bearing capacity. It can partially replace metal and ordinary rubber to make load-bearing components, with excellent shock absorption and buffering effects, and can absorb vibration and reduce noise.
4. Excellent oil and chemical resistance performance
Polyester PU has outstanding resistance to mineral oil, lubricating oil, and fuel oil, and is not easily swollen or ineffective when in contact with grease; Has tolerance to many weak acids, bases, and conventional cleaning agents. Polyether PU has advantages in hydrolysis resistance and low temperature resistance. When selecting, polyester or polyether systems can be chosen according to the medium environment. Note: strong polar solvents will corrode materials, so it is necessary to avoid such working conditions as Tiktok.
5. Good low-temperature resistance
It is not easy to quickly harden and become brittle at low temperatures. Conventional grades can be continuously used in an environment of -40 ℃, while special formula grades can withstand temperatures as low as -70 ℃. They still maintain elasticity in low temperature environments and are suitable for outdoor equipment and accessories in cold regions.
6. Good anti-aging and ozone resistance
Compared to ordinary rubber, it has stronger resistance to ozone aging and oxidation, and is less prone to rapid cracking when exposed to air for a long time. Adding anti UV additives can enhance outdoor weather resistance; Unmodified aromatic PU will turn yellow after long-term outdoor exposure, and fatty systems are preferred for outdoor use.
7. Diverse molding methods and flexible processing
Different types of elastomers are suitable for different processing techniques: casting type can be on-site injection molded, suitable for large and irregular workpieces; Thermoplastic TPU can be injection molded, extruded, and rolled, suitable for large-scale standardized production; It can be machined through secondary processes such as milling, grinding, and drilling, and it is also convenient to produce small batches of samples. At the same time, it can be made into various forms such as sheets, rolls, films, rubber rollers, and shaped parts.
8. Good adhesion, suitable for composite processes
It has excellent adhesion to metal, fabric, and plastic substrates, and can be directly poured and coated on the surface of the metal core shaft as adhesive, or compounded on fabrics. It is widely used in coatings, composite fabrics, and encapsulated parts.
9. Customizable with rich features
By adjusting the formula, special properties such as flame retardancy, anti-static, antibacterial, transparency, and low odor can be achieved, adapting to the special requirements of industries such as electronics, healthcare, and rail transit.
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